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From the Most Superficial to the Deepest Tissues Kinesio Taping applications—called corrections—are designed to influence every level of soft tissue in the body, f rom skin to joint capsule. The following is a description of the most common corrections. While research on Kinesio Taping (as with massage therapy) is difficult to conduct, there is supporting evidence of the efficacy of these interventions. EDF Corrections (epidermis, dermis, and fascia) utilize a specially designed tape to address the most superficial tissues, providing very light sensory input with no tension or minimal tension on the tape. A landmark study showed that the application of tape following sternotomy reduced reports of pain and need for medication. 1 Space Corrections offer decompression through (microscopic) lifting of the skin and underlying tissues. This application is often used to address painful trigger points. 2 Underactive Muscle Corrections stimulate muscle activity when the tape is applied f rom origin to insertion. 3 Overactive Muscle Corrections decrease muscle activity when the tape is applied f rom insertion to origin. 4 Joint Corrections (tendon, ligament, mechanical, and functional corrections) all offer compression to proprioceptively encourage normal function of these tissues while offering stability support. 5 Circulatory/Lymphatic Corrections gently offer a directional pull to channel fluids to less congested areas. 6 Notes 1. H. M. Klein, R. Brockmann, and Alexander Assmann, "Pain-Diminishing Effect of Kinesio Taping in Patients after Sternotomy," Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 10, suppl. 1 (September 2015): A76, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/ articles/PMC4693911/pdf/1749-8090-10-S1-A76. pdf; Shihfan Jack Tu, Roger C. Woledge, and Dylan Morrissey, "Does 'Kinesio Tape' Alter Thoracolumbar Fascia Movement During Lumbar Flexion? An Observational Laboratory Study," Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 20, no. 4 (October 2016): 898–905, https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2016.04.007. 2. Katie J. Lyman et al., "Investigating the Effectiveness of Kinesio Taping Space Correction Method in Healthy Adults on Patellofemoral Joint and Subcutaneous Space," International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy 12, no. 2 (April 2017): 250–257, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC5380868/; Hosein Kouhzad Mohammadi et al., "Immediate and Delayed Effects of Forearm Kinesio Taping On Grip Strength," Iran Red Crescent Medical Journal 16, no. 8 (August 2014): e19797, https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.19797; Katie J. Lyman et al., "Investigating the Effectiveness of Kinesio Taping Space Correction Method in Healthy Adults on Patellofemoral Joint and Subcutaneous Space," International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy 12, no. 2 (April 2017): 250– 57, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28515980. 3. Jian Xiong et al., "Short-Term Effects of Kinesio Taping Combined with Cervical Muscles Multi- Angle Isometric Training in Patients with Cervical Spondylosis," Mapping Intimacies (July 2021): preprint, https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-635541/v1. 4. Francisco García-Muro, Ángel L. Rodríguez- Fernández, and Ángel Herrero-de-Lucas, "Treatment of Myofascial Pain in the Shoulder with Kinesio Taping: A Case Report," Manual Therapy 15, no. 3 (June 2010): 292–95, https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2009.09.002; Olivera C. Djordjevic et al., "Mobilization with Movement and Kinesiotaping Compared with a Supervised Exercise Program for Painful Shoulder: Results of a Clinical Trial," Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 35, no. 6 (July 2012): 454–63, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2012.07.006. 5. Marco Cortesi, Davide Cattaneo, and Johanna Jonsdottir, "Effect of Kinesio Taping on Standing Balance in Subjects with Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study," NeuroRehabilitation 28, no. 4 (2011): 365–72, https://doi.org/10.3233/nre-2011- 0665; Haimanot Melese et al., "Effectiveness of Kinesio Taping on the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials," Journal of Pain Research 13 (May 2020): 1267–76, https://doi. org/10.2147%2FJPR.S249567. 6. A. Sayed et al., "Comparative Study between the Effects of Kinesio Taping and Pressure Garment on Secondary Upper Extremity Lymphedema and Quality of Life Following Mastectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial," Integrative Cancer Therapies 18, no. 1 (January–December 2019): Article 1534735419847276, https://doi. org/10.1177/1534735419847276. MAKSIM GONCHARENOK/PEXELS