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I t p a y s t o b e A B M P C e r t i f i e d : w w w. a b m p . c o m / g o / c e r t i f i e d c e n t r a l 51 FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY education Peroneal Group By Christy Cael The three muscles that form the peroneal group—peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, and peroneus tertius—are located on the lateral leg. The peroneus longus and brevis are within the lateral compartment, while the peroneus tertius is part of the anterior compartment. The bellies of all three muscles are somewhat superficial along the fibula. The peroneus longus is most proximal, originating on the lateral condyle and proximal portion of the lateral fibula. The peroneus brevis begins more distal on the lateral fibula and lies deep to the longus. The peroneus tertius also begins more distal, but lies anterior between the peroneus longus and the extensor digitorum longus. The tendons of both the peroneus longus and brevis run behind the lateral malleolus. The longus extends from lateral to medial across the bottom of the foot, and inserts near the anterior tibialis. The brevis terminates on the plantar aspect of the tuberosity at the base of the fifth metatarsal. The tendons are separated by the peroneal tubercle of the calcaneus, and both insert on the plantar surface of the foot. Because of this, they contribute to ankle plantarflexion, though the longus is more effective in this action. The tendon of the peroneus tertius runs in front of the lateral malleolus and inserts on the top of the base of the fifth metatarsal. This dorsal insertion allows it to dorsiflex the ankle. PERONEAL GROUP Attachments • Origin: Proximal portion of the lateral fibula (longus and brevis) and distal third of the anterior fibula (tertius) • Insertion: Lateral sides of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform (longus); lateral side of tuberosity (brevis); dorsal surface at base of fifth metatarsal (tertius) Actions • Plantarflexes the ankle (longus and brevis) • Dorsiflexes the ankle (tertius) • Everts the foot (all) Innervation • Superficial peroneal nerve (longus and brevis) • Deep peroneal nerve (tertius) • L4–S1 Peroneus longus Peroneus tertius Peroneus brevis